β-carotene
CAS No.:7235-40-7
Physical and chemical properties
Dark red to dark red shiny orthorhombic hexahedron or crystalline powder, with slight odor and peculiar smell, insoluble in water, propylene glycol, glycerol, acid and alkali, soluble in vegetable oils such as carbon disulfide, benzene, chloroform, ethane and olive oil, and almost insoluble in methanol or ethanol. The dilute solution is orange yellow to yellow, and orange when the concentration increases (it can be slightly red due to the polarity of the solvent). This product is unstable to light, heat and oxygen, not resistant to acid. It is relatively stable when it is weakly alkaline. It is not affected by reducing substances such as ascorbic acid. Heavy metals, especially iron ions, can promote its fading.
Toxicological basis
① LD50: (oil solution) the acute oral dose of dogs is greater than 8g / kg (BW).
②ADI：0～5mg/kg（BW）（FAO/WHO，1994）.
③GRAS：FDA-21CFR 73.95； 182.5245.
④ Metabolism: 30% ~ 90% of human intake of this product is excreted by feces.
Application
Colorant, nutrition enhancer
As a colorant, it can be used for preparing milk, flavor fermented milk, milk powder and cream powder, cooked cheese, processed cheese, cheese analogues, ready to eat flavor food with milk as the main ingredient or its prefabricated products (excluding ice cream and flavor fermented milk), water oily fat emulsion products (except 02.02.01.01 butter and concentrated butter), fat emulsion products other than 02.02, Including mixed and / or flavored fat emulsions, fat desserts, frozen drinks (except 03.04 edible ice), vinegar, oil or salted fruits, jam, preserved fruits, fruit desserts, including fruity liquid desserts, vegetable paste (sauce) (except tomato sauce), other processed vegetables, other processed edible fungi and algae, processed nuts and seeds, batter (such as batter for fish and poultry meat), wrapping powder, frying powder Fried flour products, canned Cereals, instant rice flour products, frozen rice flour products, cereals and starch desserts (such as rice pudding and cassava pudding), grain product fillings, baked foods, frozen surimi products (including fish balls, etc.), prefabricated aquatic products (semi-finished products), cooked aquatic products (directly edible), egg products (changing their physical properties) (except 10.03.01 dehydrated egg products, 10.03.03 egg liquid and liquid eggs) Liquid compound seasoning (excluding 12.03 and 12.04), the maximum dosage is 1.0g/kg; For plant drinks, the maximum dosage is 1.0g/kg (the dosage of solid drinks shall be increased according to the dilution multiple); For jelly, the maximum dosage is 1.0g/kg (the dosage of jelly powder is increased according to the mixing multiple);
β-carotene is used for cream (light cream) and its analogues (except 01.05.01 cream) and cooked meat products, and the maximum dosage is 0.02g/kg; It is used for non matured cheese, distilled wine and fermented wine (except 15.03.01 wine), and the maximum consumption is 0.6g/kg; For other oils or oil products (only for the end of vegetable fat), the maximum dosage is 0.065g/kg; It is used for jam (such as Indian chutney), candy and canned aquatic products except 04.01.02.05, and the maximum dosage is 0.5g/kg; It is used for decorative fruits and vegetables, cocoa products, chocolate and chocolate products (including cocoa butter substitute chocolate and products), baked food fillings, hanging pulp and puffed food for surface, and the maximum dosage is 0.1g/kg;
The maximum consumption of fruit products, dried vegetables, canned vegetables, edible fungi and algae for fermentation is 0.2g/kg; For pickled vegetables, pickled edible fungi and algae, the maximum dosage is 0.132g/kg; It is used for coating candy and chocolate products, decorative candy (such as craft modeling, or cake decoration), top decoration (non fruit materials) and sweet juice, with a maximum dosage of 20.0g/kg; For ready to eat cereals, including rolled oats (slices), with a maximum dosage of 0.4g/kg; Edible animal casings for meat products, with a maximum dosage of 5.0g/kg; For other egg products, the maximum dosage is 0.15g/kg;
For flavoring syrup, the maximum dosage is 0.05g/kg; It is used for solid compound seasoning and semi-solid compound seasoning, and the maximum dosage is 2.0g/kg; It is used for fruit and vegetable juice (pulp) drinks, protein drinks, carbonated drinks, tea (pulp) drinks, coffee (pulp) drinks, special-purpose drinks and flavor drinks. The maximum dosage is 2.0g/kg (the dosage of solid drinks is increased according to the dilution multiple). β- Carotene can prevent aging and enhance immunity.
β-carotene is also an important pigment. It is a class of excellent nutritious food additives recognized by the joint expert committee of food additives of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (who). 52 countries and regions in the world have approved the use, and the international demand is more than 1000 tons, with an annual growth rate of 10% ~ 15%. It can be used as a fortifier for fat foods such as margarine, salad oil and sesame oil to help the human body β- Carotene absorption
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