What is Thiamphenicol Powder?
Pharmacodynamics: Thiamphenicol is an amphenicol antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It is more effective against Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria. It is highly sensitive to most Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, including Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. Other Gram-negative bacteria sensitive to this product include Pasteurella spp. and Brucella spp. Gram-positive bacteria sensitive to this product include Bacillus anthracis, Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus spp. Chlamydia, Leptospira, and Rickettsia are also sensitive to this product. It also exerts considerable effects on anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium tetani and Actinomyces spp. However, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fungi are insensitive to it.
Pharmacokinetics: This product is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration. After absorption, it is widely distributed in various tissues in the body. It is mainly excreted in the urine in its original form. Its half-life in cattle and sheep is shorter than that of chloramphenicol, and the half-life in pigs is 4.2 hours.
What is the Physicochemical Properties of Thiamphenicol Powder?
This product is a white powder.
Uses
What is Thiamphenicol Powder used for?
It is an amphenicol antibiotic. Mainly used for the treatment of bacterial infections (such as intestinal and respiratory infections) in livestock and poultry, as well as bacterial diseases in fish.
Dosage
How much Thiamphenicol Powder should be given to an animal?
For oral administration: Administer 100~200 mg per 1 kg of body weight to livestock and poultry in a single dose, twice a day, for 2~3 consecutive days.
For mixed bait feeding: Add 50 g per 150 kg of body weight for fish, once a day, for 3~4 consecutive days.
Side Effects
What are the potential side effects of Thiamphenicol Powder in different animal species?
This product has hematological toxicity. Although it does not cause aplastic anemia, the reversible inhibition of erythropoiesis it induces is more common than that of chloramphenicol.
This product has a strong immunosuppressive effect, approximately 6 times stronger than that of chloramphenicol.
Long-term oral administration may cause digestive disorders, accompanied by symptoms of vitamin deficiency or superinfection.
It has embryonic toxicity.
It inhibits hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes, which may affect the metabolism of other drugs, increase their blood concentrations, and enhance their efficacy or toxicity. For example, it can significantly prolong the anesthetic duration of pentobarbital sodium.
What are the common dosage forms of Thiamphenicol Powder?
Premix: 5%.
What are the Precautions of Thiamphenicol Powder?
Poultry producing eggs for human consumption shall not use this product during the egg-laying period
It is prohibited for animals during the vaccine inoculation period or with severely impaired immune function.
Use with caution in pregnant and lactating livestock.
For animals with renal insufficiency, reduce the dosage or extend the administration interval
Withdrawal period: 28 days for livestock and poultry; 7 days for milk discard period; 500 degree-days for fish.
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