Sodium Butyrate: An Efficient Additive and Its Physical Properties
As an effective feed additive, sodium butyrate plays a significant role in protecting intestinal health and promoting growth.
Well Sunshine Group has been dedicated to the research and production of sodium butyrate products for over a decade. The company has not only developed coated products such as WELBUTY30 (Coated Sodium Butyrate 30%) and WELBUTY90 (Coated Sodium Butyrate 90%) but also leads in the production capacity of 99% sodium butyrate powder. Well Sunshine Group's animal health products have been sold to nearly a hundred countries and regions worldwide.
Below is a description of the physical properties of sodium butyrate:
① Appearance: Sodium butyrate typically appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder. When observed in a laboratory setting, samples placed on a white ceramic plate reveal a fine, uniform powder texture,white with a slight yellowish tint-reminiscent of freshly milled fine flour, though with a subtle difference in color.
② Odor: It possesses a distinct rancid cheese-like odor. This smell is quite unique, resembling the unpleasant sourness of spoiled cheese. If a container of sodium butyrate is opened in a relatively enclosed space, the odor quickly permeates the area, making it easily distinguishable from odorless or differently scented substances.
③ Solubility: Sodium butyrate is highly soluble in water. When a measured amount is added to a transparent glass beaker filled with distilled water and gently stirred, it rapidly dissolves, resulting in a clear, transparent solution without any insoluble residues. Even without stirring, sodium butyrate dissolves spontaneously and quickly, demonstrating its excellent water solubility. It is also soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. When added to ethanol and shaken appropriately, sodium butyrate gradually dissolves, forming a homogeneous solution, indicating its good dispersibility in organic solvents.
④ Density: Its density is approximately 1.09 g/cm³. This value means that a solid block of sodium butyrate with a volume of 1 cm³ would have a mass of about 1.09 grams. For comparison, water has a density of 1 g/cm³, so sodium butyrate is slightly denser than water. If a piece of sodium butyrate is placed in water, it will slowly sink to the bottom.
⑤ Melting Point: The melting point of sodium butyrate ranges between 250–253°C. When heated gradually to around 250°C, the solid sodium butyrate begins to soften. As the temperature continues to rise, it transitions from a solid to a liquid state-a process known as melting. Minor variations in melting point may occur depending on the purity of the sodium butyrate, but it generally falls within this range.
⑥ Stability: Under normal temperature and pressure, sodium butyrate exhibits good chemical stability. Under typical storage conditions, such as room temperature (around 25°C) and 50% relative humidity, it can be stored for extended periods without significant chemical changes. However, prolonged exposure to high temperatures, high humidity, or strongly acidic or alkaline environments may cause decomposition or reactions with other substances. For example, in high-temperature environments, sodium butyrate may gradually decompose, producing butyric acid and other byproducts, leading to changes in its quality and properties.
⑦ Hygroscopicity: Sodium butyrate is somewhat hygroscopic. When placed in a high-humidity environment, the powder may become moist over time due to absorption of moisture from the air. If excessive moisture is absorbed, it may clump, affecting its usability and storage. Therefore, moisture-proof measures, such as storage in sealed containers in dry conditions, are typically recommended for preserving sodium butyrate.
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