Description
This product is a clear liquid, pale yellow to yellow.
Pharmacological Action
Pharmacodynamics：This product has expelling activity against Fasciola in cattle and sheep, Haemonchus contortus, and certain arthropods. It is ineffective against paramphistomes (rumen flukes). For most gastrointestinal nematodes, such as Haemonchus, Bunostomum, and Oesophagostomum, the expulsion rate exceeds 90%. Some strains of Haemonchus contortus in sheep may develop resistance to this product. Closantel sodium is effective in expelling hookworms in dogs but has no effect on the larvae in the body. It can also prevent or reduce infection by Strongylus vulgaris in horses. Furthermore, it has a 100% lethal effect on first‑, second‑, and third‑instar larvae of the sheep nasal bot fly (Oestrus ovis), and also shows good expelling activity against third‑instar larvae of the cattle warble fly (Hypoderma). Its anthelmintic mechanism involves increasing the permeability of parasite mitochondria and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation, thereby exerting its expelling and killing effects.
Pharmacokinetics：Closantel has a very high plasma protein binding rate (>99%) in sheep, resulting in a long elimination half‑life of 14.5 days. The drug is mainly excreted in the faeces (80%), with less than 0.5% of the dose excreted in the urine.
Action and Use
Antiparasitic agent. It is mainly used for the prevention and treatment of fascioliasis (liver fluke disease), gastrointestinal nematodiasis, and nasal bot fly infestation (Oestrus ovis) in cattle and sheep.
Dosage and Administration
Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection: single dose, per 1 kg body weight - cattle 0.05–0.1 ml; sheep 0.1–0.2 ml.
Adverse Reactions
No adverse reactions have been observed when used according to the prescribed dosage and administration.
Precautions
May cause some local irritation at the injection site.
Withdrawal Period
Withdrawal period: cattle and sheep 28 days; milk discard period 28 days.
Specification
(1) 10 ml : 0.5 g
(2) 100 ml : 5 g
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