What is Ivermectin Tablets?
Pharmacodynamics: Ivermectin is highly effective against both internal nematodes and external arthropods. Its anthelmintic mechanism involves stimulating the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from presynaptic neurons, thereby opening GABA-gated chloride channels. Ivermectin also exhibits selectivity and high affinity for glutamate-gated chloride channels located near GABA-mediated sites in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells, disrupting neuromuscular signal transmission, leading to parasite paralysis and subsequent death or expulsion. Its site of action in nematodes is the inhibitory interneurons and excitatory motor neurons, while in arthropods, it acts at the neuromuscular junction. It demonstrates 97%–100% efficacy against Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Cooperia spp., Trichostrongylus spp. (including T. axei), Strongylus spp., Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Nematodirus spp., Trichuris ovis, Oesophagostomum spp., Dictyocaulus filaria, as well as adult Chabertia ovina and fourth-stage larvae in sheep. It is also highly effective against arthropods such as fly larvae, mites, and lice, though slightly less effective against biting lice (Damalinia spp.) and sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus). Ivermectin is highly effective against ticks and flies breeding in feces. While it may not kill ticks immediately, it affects feeding, molting, and egg-laying, thereby reducing reproductive capacity. Its effect on blood-sucking flies is similar. In pigs, it achieves 94%–100% efficacy against adult and immature stages of Ascaris suum, Hyostrongylus rubidus, Strongyloides ransomi, Trichuris suis, Oesophagostomum spp., Metastrongylus spp., and Stephanurus dentatus. It is highly effective against intestinal Trichinella spiralis (though ineffective against muscle-stage larvae) and provides good control of Haematopinus suis and Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. It is ineffective against trematodes and cestodes.
Pharmacokinetics: The pharmacokinetics of ivermectin vary significantly depending on the animal species, formulation, and route of administration. Subcutaneous injection provides higher bioavailability than oral administration, but oral absorption is more rapid. After absorption, it distributes well to most tissues but poorly penetrates the cerebrospinal fluid. The apparent volume of distribution is 4.6 L/kg in sheep and 4 L/kg in pigs. It has a relatively long half-life in most animals, approximately 2–7 days in sheep and 0.5 days in pigs. Ivermectin is metabolized in the liver, primarily via hydroxylation in sheep and methylation in pigs. It is mainly excreted in feces, with less than 5% excreted unchanged or as metabolites in urine. Up to 5% of the administered dose may be excreted in the milk of lactating animals.
What is the Physicochemical Properties of Ivermectin Tablets?
This product is a white tablet.
Uses
What is Ivermectin Tablets used for?
Macrolide antiparasitic agent. Used for the prevention and treatment of nematode infections, mite infestations, and parasitic insect diseases in sheep and pigs.
Dosage
How much Ivermectin Tablets should be given to an animal?
Oral administration: Single dose: 0.4 tablets per 10kg body weight for sheep; 0.6 tablets per 10kg body weight for pigs.
Side Effects
What are the potential side effects of Ivermectin Tablets in different animal species?
No adverse reactions have been observed when used at the recommended dosage and administration..
What are the common dosage forms of Ivermectin Tablets?
5mg
What are the Precautions of Ivermectin Tablets?
(1) Not for use in sheep producing milk for human consumption during the lactation period.
(2) Ivermectin is highly toxic to shrimp, fish, and other aquatic organisms. Do not allow packaging or containers containing drug residues to contaminate water sources.
(3) Use with caution during the first 45 days of pregnancy in sows.
(4) Withdrawal period: Sheep: 35 days; Pigs: 28 days.
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